INTRODUCTION
Mon peuple, mon peuple it is that time of the month again ooh la la Octobre. Ah!! I was going through my Blog posts and realized that the Nazis and Mafias have wrought great damage on my Blog. I have a lot of retyping to do. As I sat in Genève Aéroport a part of the advertisement on the board just flashed `rethink everything`. I do not have to rethink anything I have to rewrite a lot of stuff by the way it is 8:35 p.m with a little foolish fellow looking like a barrel sitting beside me trying to get my attention. I tell you, to borrow a line from the popular song. On my travels I find that `there are so many lonely people in the world.` All because they have ignored the only One that can fill the gap in a man`s` heart the Lord Jesus Christ. Remember I have to get in the Jesus part from in the introduction because if i do not grab your attention from the introduction: Then I have lost you from what the Nazis and Mafias have done by deleting and altering my introductions I have realized that people love a good story. Those blogs that are not being read most times the Introductions have been massacred.
I am writing this blog from Geneva and thus far these people in Geneva have taken the decision to limit severely my work on the computer, forty five minutes of computer time at the library: The inability to copy anything from Google. Simple operations i have been able to perform in Adobe i am unable to do. These things are important to me people because they determine the speed at which I do my book reviews . Things i could copy I have to be typing just a grand waste of time.
Thus far coming into the second city in Europe my first article is developing in my Spirit. I have no intention of putting it on paper: I am going to be putting it in flesh to this article via the computer. The title of the article is `We will not be Colonized a Second Time.` From the title of the article you know what is coming. I am amazed at some of these African Leaders They need to be placed in front of a firing squad for the amount of innocent lives they have destroyed over the years in fulfilling their agenda. They have no interest in the development of the continent, dressed up in their European suits. As Dr. Myles would say ``Well, Judas he loved money he got what was coming to him.`These men will certainly get what is coming to them. The African leadership has kept back and is keeping back the development of the continent. A people that is hungry, weak and uneducated cannot drive development. Enough said for the moment.
Well people, since I do not want you all to pray any more bad prayers for me I do not have much to say. I am not giving you a blow by blow description of the sites etc. I will reveal a little in my article. Suffice it to say Geneva is like St. Andrew in Jamaica. Suburbia with the gentle rolling hills of the Blue Mountains in the background. The weather is very mild compared to Canada everywhere is still very green.
I tell you people I was glad that I found a so called ``casino` in Europe. People, casino means free drinks, free hot beverage and no harassment or so I thought. I am sure I have told you about my adventures in Montreal, Niagara, Woodbine, New Orleans and Biloxi Mississippi. The best casino thus far I have been into is the one in Montreal. They had real fruit juices, artificial juices, hot chocolate with whipped cream on top and all types of coffee and teas. I was in casino heaven. You go for the gambling I go for the free refreshment. That is why the Nazis and Mafias call me a hustler. They are trying to starve me I have to find innovative ways to live. A girl has got to survive. Let us get back to this gaming room in Geneva. I went in there, the place was extremely small and of course people had their set pieces. The upstairs was closed. I walked out and went into the lobby to read my Bible. I had a lady coming to harass me about gaming. I told her I read then I played. I was reading too long so she ran me out of the casino. I had to laugh of course on my way the people who have taken me on in Geneva passed me on the way. The Protection Diplomatique and the police. When I was protesting by the Palais of Nations it was the Protection Diplomatique people who told me I had to get a permit from the police. In order for all righteousness be fulfilled I went to the Police Station, they did not even let me into the station. I had to stand in the lobby. I also went by the human Rights people the same ones I wrote while in Canada, who did not even have the common decency to reply to my correspondence. They tried to waste my time by sending me from building to building. Yes people I am in Geneva, the land of all those conventions and declarations about Human rights.
While I was protesting by the United Nations they have a sculpture called `The Broken Chair`I said to myself while sheltering under the chair not only is one leg broken, the other three have also been shattered. The United Nations has lost sight of its original mandate and is being manipulated by the more powerful nations. On Saturday, October 6, I was at Gare Cornavin with my protest. You can`t lose with the court of John Public. Oh! before I forget let me tell you what my placard says, by the way when I went to the library, the Librarian in the Children`s library did not have any crayons. Of course he had a purple marker to give. I had no problem with that, I just needed something to write. People, when the Nazis and the Mafias heard me asking for eight sheets of white paper and Scotch tape they knew I would be producing a placard. Europe needs some Walmart and Franc or Euro Stores, talk about protectionism. All you foolish people can stay there and listen to them talk about Free Trade (they even have the building World Trade Centre). Their economies are locked tighter than a vice grip as my brother Granville would say. In Quebec it was `louer locaux` everywhere you went. You people need to travel so that you can stop speaking foolishly about free trade. Oh! The placard says
PERSECUTED BY
EUROPE, CHINA USA AND
CANADA BUSINESS/
JOBS/HOUSING BLOCKED
EVERYTHING STOLEN BY
THESE ÙNITED CROOKS``
LEAVE ME ALONE!!
Then me and this foolish church, on Friday after protesting I went into a train and saw a tract. I decided I would visit the church because this was happening to me for the first time. A part from every city ( I mean every city) I go into the Jehovah Witnesses decide that is the time for them to evangelize. Everywhere I frequent they are there. Seems someone high up in the Jehovah Witnesses organization in Mississauga is a part of the whole criminal network. They used to follow me from I lived in Mississauga in Canada. I ignored them because I have dispensed with the congregation servants from I have been in Jamaica. One gentleman and I used to speak and discuss doctrinal matters in Jamaica. As far as I am concerned they are not even a blip on my radar. Back to the major story I went to the supermarket which was closed. That is another thing people things close early on a Saturday and they do not open on a Sunday. I tell you people I am like a fish out of water I had this nine hundred page travel book by Lonely Planet which I bought in Ottawa at Value Village. What can I say people? These guardian angels have been leaving books for me all over the place, because they realize that I am intentional. The book is on Western Europe and is filled with information on the countries. It has maps and everything. That is why I was prepared for Paris. When I went to the Eiffel Tower while sitting by the Musee des Hommes a little Moroccan filled me in on some information about Paris. In fact, he did tell me that I needed to watch my bag. However, I did not know that people were so desperate to steal my bag and my panties that they would go ahead and steal it in a bus. That was one of the books they stole in Paris. The book is heavy but it is worth its weight in gold because the information it contains about Europe could only have been garnered from experience. It also saved me the trouble of reading the myriad of promotional material and having to go to the library to do research. In addition, I can read the book at any time , morning, noon or night. Now I am going to have to do my own research. How did I get on this topic? Yes if I had my book I would have been aware of the hours of operations of the stores in Geneva. Since I was in the area I realized that this was where the church is so I ended up at Holiday Inn, the little attendant for some reason could not find the address or name of the church on the computer. I searched my bag and rearranged it and found the tract and was told the `batiment` was just across the street. I went there and was told I had the wrong address it is across the road.
Now you see why Hollywood is run by white people, they lie very easily. I realized this was deception, went across the road, the Protection Diplomatique people drove out of the building. I returned to the hotel and made a call to the number on the tract and left a message with the voicemail. Then I sent an email, telling them that I hoped it was worth their while financially to turn me away after seeking me out. The only reason I went was because I was just tired of attending the traditional churches. Anyway, I ended up at a Roman Catholic church on Sunday. The priest and the attendants had full Communion as per usual and the congregation the dry wafer. I am not into propagating foolishness. Here I am at the airport completing my blog.
Suicide is such a final step in anyone`s life but it is in the Bible which means it will continue to the end of times.The first stated suicide in the Bible is that of Ahitophel a man of God all because of pride. God might have defeated his counsel but that was no reason to take one`s life. In the Bible it was just some remote cases but it has become very fashionable in our world people now frivolously taking their lives for inconsequential reasons. Hollywood certainly has not helped with the sensationalism of this dastardly act. This can also be attributed to the ease in communication or information technology era in which we live. The subject is very wide and all the practitioners do not agree on the diagnosis and treatment etc. We will look at screening and prevention and what obtains in terms of mental health research in the third world. The WHO also has a comprehensive report on the area that was published in 2014.
REFLECTIONS
For the Part III in this are we will be shedding some light on the whole area of suicide. It is said one of the major causes of suicide is depression and depression is a mental condition. I am so glad I am from an island where we have many crises and since this is a way of life we hardly if ever revert to such a drastic measure or most of us would have died. In addition, we are a Christian country if God cannot fix it then it cannot be fixed. So you do not worry your head about the impossible. Those who commit suicide have been exposed to the life style of the first world, escapism.
CRITICAL DEFINITION
Suicide- noun - the act or an instance of taking one`s life voluntarily and intentionally
- Ruin of one`s own interest
SECTION I
SECTION II
GOD FIGHTING FOR HIS PEOPLE
4. The Inhabitants of Canaan Deuteronomy 7 verse 23
5. Punishment of Babylon: Jeremiah 25 verse 16
6. The Nations Jeremiah 51 verse 7
7. The Nations: Isaiah 22 verse 5
8. Israel: Ezekiel 7 verse 7
9. Against Gog: Ezekiel 38 verse 21
10. Judah: Zechariah 12 verse 4
11. Israel`s Enemies: Zechariah 14 verse 13
12. Gideon conquers Midian: Judges 7 verse 22
13. Abimelech son Of Joshua: Judges 9 verses 23–25
14. The Amorites: Joshua 10 verse 10
15. When Philistines captured the ark: 1 Samuel 5 verses 9,11
16. Philistines: 1 Samuel 7 verse 10
17. The Philistines: 1 Samuel 14 verses 19-20
18. Battle Orders in the Balsam Trees: II Samuel 5 verses 23–25
19. King David`s Enemies: II Samuel 22 verse 15
20. King David`s Enemies: Psalm 144 verse 6
21. The oracle concerning Egypt: Isaiah 19 verses 1–3
22. Jehoshaphat conquers Ammon, Moab and Mount Seir: II Chronicles 20 verses 20-25
23. King Nebuchadnezzar: Daniel 4 verses 31-34
24. The Kingdoms of this World: Haggai 2 verse 22
SECTION III
SUICIDE TRIGGERS
In overly simple terms, suicidal thoughts and behaviors start when vulnerable individuals encounter stressful events. They become overwhelmed by the situation and decide, based on their faulty way of thinking, that suicide is the only reasonable way to stop the pain they are experiencing. Determining what makes events stressful is difficult because everyone copes in different ways and has different perspectives. What may seem pretty meaningless to one person may seem devastating or unbearable to another.
Both negative and positive events can be sources of significant stress.
Both negative and positive events can be sources of significant stress.
- Examples of events that cause positive stress include:
- marriage
- moving (when it is a desired move)
- having a child
- changing jobs (when that is desired).
- Examples of negatively stressful events include:
- losses related to health, significant relationships and jobs
- debts
- peer pressure to be thin and beautiful,
- similar difficult or challenging situations.
Some suicidal people never developed the skills necessary to successfully cope with stressful situations. They may also have personalities that are sensitive to becoming overwhelmed by negative circumstances. Other suicidal people may have had reasonable coping skills in place at one point, but find themselves worn down by circumstances to the point where they can no longer manage.
The most frequent stressful event leading up to suicide (what is often called a precipitating event) today is mental illness. It is estimated to account for about 90 percent of all suicides. As we discussed earlier, a newly diagnosed and/or poorly treated mental illness can trigger a suicide in some cases. In addition, a change in someone's existing mental illness (for the worse or better) can function as a precipitating event for suicide. Most people incorrectly assume that only deteriorating conditions should be monitored. However, people who have been severely depressed and are now starting to regain their energy may suddenly find themselves with enough energy to carry out suicide plans.
Depression is the most common mental illness in people who commit suicide, so we will briefly detour from the topic of suicide to discuss this common disorder, which is discussed in significant detail in our Depression topic center. According to the DSM-5 (the latest version of the manual used by clinicians to diagnose mental disorders) you must meet the following criteria in order to qualify for a diagnosis of Major Depression:
At least five of the following symptoms are present during the same period. At least (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure must be present. Symptoms are present most of the day, nearly daily for at least 2 weeks.
The most frequent stressful event leading up to suicide (what is often called a precipitating event) today is mental illness. It is estimated to account for about 90 percent of all suicides. As we discussed earlier, a newly diagnosed and/or poorly treated mental illness can trigger a suicide in some cases. In addition, a change in someone's existing mental illness (for the worse or better) can function as a precipitating event for suicide. Most people incorrectly assume that only deteriorating conditions should be monitored. However, people who have been severely depressed and are now starting to regain their energy may suddenly find themselves with enough energy to carry out suicide plans.
Depression is the most common mental illness in people who commit suicide, so we will briefly detour from the topic of suicide to discuss this common disorder, which is discussed in significant detail in our Depression topic center. According to the DSM-5 (the latest version of the manual used by clinicians to diagnose mental disorders) you must meet the following criteria in order to qualify for a diagnosis of Major Depression:
At least five of the following symptoms are present during the same period. At least (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure must be present. Symptoms are present most of the day, nearly daily for at least 2 weeks.
- Feelings of sadness, emptiness, or hopelessness (in children, this may be irritability)
- Having no interest or feeling no pleasure in all or almost all activities
- Weight loss or weight gain by greater than 5% when not trying to lose or gain weight OR a change in appetite nearly every day
- Sleeping too little or too much
- Physical agitation or restlessness that is observed by others
Being tired and having a lack of energy - Feelings of worthlessness, self-hate, and guilt
- Not being able to concentrate, think clearly, or make decisions
Being irritable - Ongoing thoughts of death or suicide - either thinking about suicide without a plan for how it would happen, having a specific plan or attempting to commit suicide
- Never having a manic or hypermanic episode (being very excited or energetic which would be possible symptoms of bipolar disorder)
It's helpful to know the criteria that professionals use to diagnose depression, but it is not a good idea to attempt to diagnose yourself. One reason why this is true is that the consequences of getting the diagnosis wrong can be quite negative. Depression is a serious condition that is associated with significant suicide risk and does end up being a lethal disorder sometimes. However, it is also a very treatable disease which can be addressed by either medical or psychological methods (or both). If you wrongly conclude that you are not depressed when you are, you might very well miss out on treatment opportunities that a diagnosing clinician could offer you.
Don't assume that you must feel sad and depressed in order to qualify for a diagnosis of major depressive disorder, as this is not the case. You may experience irritability during the required two-week period of symptoms. Or, you may experience your depression as physical pain. If you even meet one of the symptoms listed above (particularly the suicide symptom), it would be a very good idea to consult with a mental health professional. If you have several symptoms, you definitely should schedule an appointment.
Don't assume that you must feel sad and depressed in order to qualify for a diagnosis of major depressive disorder, as this is not the case. You may experience irritability during the required two-week period of symptoms. Or, you may experience your depression as physical pain. If you even meet one of the symptoms listed above (particularly the suicide symptom), it would be a very good idea to consult with a mental health professional. If you have several symptoms, you definitely should schedule an appointment.
In addition to major depressive disorder, depressive symptoms may also be caused by bipolar disorder, or may happen with another condition. Bipolar disorder is typically characterized by alternating moods and energy levels happening over months, weeks or days. Symptoms may include periods of hyperactivity, fast speech, hyper sexuality, lack of need for sleep, feelings of inflated-well-being; and corresponding periods of depression where some or all of the symptoms listed above are present.
Screening for Prevention
Broadly defined, prevention screening is a two-part process that first identifies risk factors or early phenotypic features (behaviors, bio-markers) whose presence in individuals makes the development of psychological or behavioral problems more likely, and then segments the relevant subset of the population to receive a unique preventive intervention.
There is a long list of possible community-level exposures that represent risks. Examples include poverty, violence and other neighborhood stressors, lack of safe schools, and lack of access to health care. High-risk exposures for subsets of the population include maternal depression, separation of parents as a result of divorce or a death of one of the parents, physical or sexual maltreatment, any events that lead to placement of a child in foster care, and catastrophic events, such as suicide of a classmate. Individual characteristics are also numerous and can include behaviors or symptoms that do not yet qualify for a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM-IV) diagnosis; chronic disease and other functional impairments, such as neurodevelopmental disabilities; and genetic, environmental exposure, or other biological predisposing factors
Screening should be easily and quickly performed, affordable, and reasonably accurate as a detection tool.
There is criteria for assessing the applicability of screening for selective and indicated preventive interventions, based on criteria published by the World Health Organization (WHO).
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Conclusion I: Schools and primary care settings offer an important opportunity for screening to detect risks and early symptoms of mental, emotional, and behavioral problems among young people.
Conclusion 2: A variety of screening instruments and approaches are available, but there is no consensus on the use of these instruments.
Recommendation 1: Research funders should support a rigorous research agenda to develop and test community-based partnership models involving systems such as education (including preschool), primary care, and behavioral health to screen for risks and early mental, emotional, and behavioral problems and assess implementation of evidence-based preventive responses to identified needs.
Conclusion 3: Some groups of young people, such as children in foster care, children in juvenile detention facilities, and children of depressed parents, are known to have a greatly elevated risk for MEB disorders. Targeted screening or in some cases full assessment of individuals in these groups to identify potential preventive services or treatment needs are warranted.
Conclusion 4: Screening for community- and group-level risk factors as well as individual-level screening for symptoms is an important public health function.
Recommendation 2: The U.S. Departments of Health and Human Services, Education, and Justice should develop strategies to identify communities with significant community-level risk factors and target resources to these communities.
Although this would be a novel approach in the United States, there are models available from the United Kingdom that could guide these efforts. Since 2000, the United Kingdom has a system for identifying areas with high need for intervention using the Indices of Multiple Deprivation. The index is based on the idea that certain areas can be characterized as deprived on the basis of the proportion of people in the area experiencing various manifestations of deprivation. The indices include seven domains: income deprivation; employment deprivation; health deprivation and disability; education, skills, and training deprivation; barriers to housing and services; living environment deprivation; and crime. These are measured using 38 indicators based on census and other publicly available data (Noble, McLennan, and Whitworth, 2009). Areas identified with high levels of deprivation are targeted for additional local and national-level resources. In addition to permitting precise focus on areas with high multiple deprivations, this approach provides the ability to track change using the same criteria. The committee was not aware of any outcomes data on this approach, however.
SECTION III
MENTAL HEALTH IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Treatments for Mental Disorder
Ongoing disagreements pertaining to causation, classification and treatments of mental disorders are compounded by a diverse range of mental health practitioners who exercise their own brand of diagnosing and treatment in clinics, hospitals, community groups and private practice. While psychiatrists, psychologists, psychiatric nurses, family doctors, social workers and lay counsellors all perform various types of therapy it is generally only the psychiatrist, family doctor and in some cases, psychiatric nurse who can prescribe medications, although this is not clear cut since in some instances psychologists can also prescribe. Whatever the profession and range of practice, there are serious questions pertaining to empirical evidence of treatment success which is usually defined from the practitioner’s point of view
Brain Chemical Imbalance Theory
The most heated controversy within the mental health field centers on the cause of mental disorder. Despite decades of research to prove the chemical imbalance theory a declining number of researchers still endorse it as the causal factor in mental disorder to be treated with pharmaceuticals that target brain chemicals. However, an increasing number of scientists believe that the brain chemical imbalance theory has evolved into a myth that simply helps drug companies sell drugs but has little scientific or medicinal substance. This view is corroborated by a growing number of mental health practitioners and researchers who think that the influence of large pharmaceuticals has resulted in excessive diagnoses, mislabelling, stigma and dangerous and debilitating pharmaceutical side effects.
Most pharmaceuticals currently prescribed as treatments including anti-psychotics, anti-depressants and sedatives were discovered over fifty years ago but their precise effects are still largely unknown. For example, some anti-depressants act on serotonin but there is no definitive proof that a shortage of serotonin is the cause of depression or any other disorder. Moreover, the practice of using a single drug to treat various forms of depression and psychoses (mild to severe) given the current lack of evidence is almost doomed to fail. Verification of this can be found in a meta-analysis of current research that shows that anti-depressant drugs fared minimally better than placebos in clinical trials. Anti-psychotic drugs have been responsible for closing many mental health facilities through control of hallucinations and delusions however social withdrawal, muddled thinking, lethargy and other debilitating side effects have been the result. Hence an increasing number of pharmaceutical manufacturers have noted the lack of treatment success and consequently are rejecting chemical imbalance as an ongoing fruitful endeavour, a view that has resulted in budget cuts, with declining clinical trials and research. [6] Currently, there are other targets emerging in the quest to understand and treat mental disorders. For example, neuro plasticity or the brain’s ability to grow new connections has become a keen focus of research interest in the quest to understand and treat mental disorders.
Discussion
Western mental health theory and practice still suffer from much disagreement and conflicting opinions among a diverse range of practitioners pertaining to causes, treatments, and lack of empirical evidence of treatment success. Some information in the DSM are scientifically questionable since they failed to consider context specific and self-limiting behaviors which are related to a social setting and may not require pharmaceutical intervention. Frequent contradictory diagnoses lead to labelling, stigma and serious pharmaceutical side effects. There continues to be ongoing debates about the cultural appropriateness of imposing western ideas with a heavy emphasis on illness and harmful diagnoses and little attention paid to cultural strengths and resilience in assessment, treatment and training of local people. Exporting this model to Uganda with expatriate mentors who lack awareness relevant to local practices, inadequate language skills, and an understanding of the collective spirit and support within communities are areas in which the West still has much to learn. If expatriate mental health practitioners are to partner with Ugandans then there is a need to become culturally literate and embrace cultural humility, discard ideas of superiority that indicate that the Western way is the only way, ensure that assessment is based on needs identified by communities, recognize existing strengths and be humble enough to listen to and accept negative feedback.
CONCLUSION
This is our final article in this series we hope you enjoyed reading it. It was our pleasure bringing it to you. We began with Isaiah 26 verse 3, God will give you peace of mind if you meditate on. Then we went on to Phillipians 2 verse 15 the Apostle Paul letting the same mind be in you as was with Christ. The battle field is for the mind and in these days you cannot be careless with your most valuable possession your mind. All human behaviour is a freewill choice. We are always in full control of our behaviours. God will judge us for our behaviours.
Remember to set your affections on things above and not on the things of the world that way you will not be overwhelmed.
Well, until next month this is all from me Raphleta, Lillene’s baby girl coming to you from Genève, Switzerland.
A bientot
REFERENCES
